- Guest authored by B. Swain
Is buttoning a shirt or picking up and holding a cup of
coffee often a challenge for you?
This is the reality for millions of people with Parkinson's
disease, a neurological condition that impacts everything in your life. If you
or a loved one has been diagnosed with Parkinson's disease, it is
understandable to feel overwhelmed. But with the proper information and
attention, individuals with Parkinson's disease can live a full and independent
life for many years.
What is
Parkinson's Disease?
Parkinson's disease is a nervous system disorder that most
directly impacts movement. It is caused by the slow deterioration or death of
brain cells that produce dopamine, a chemical involved in carrying messages
that govern movement and coordination. Parkinson's disease is the second most
prevalent neurodegenerative disorder and currently affects over 8 million
people globally. Although the exact cause of Parkinson's disease still remains
unknown, both genetics and environmental causes are believed to be involved.
Symptoms of Parkinson's Disease
The symptoms of Parkinson's disease typically appear
gradually over a period of time and may differ from individual to individual.
These typically can be divided into motor and non-motor symptoms.
Motor Symptoms:
- Tremors – Involuntary trembling, typically beginning in the hands or fingers.
- Bradykinesia (slowness of movement) – Reduction in spontaneous and voluntary movements.
- Muscle rigidity– Stiffness in the muscles, which causes difficulty in movement and pain.
- Postural instability– Balance and coordination impairments, increasing the risk of falls.
- Facial masking– Decreased facial expressions because of facial muscle stiffness.
Non-motor Symptoms:
- Cognitive changes– Memory impairment and difficulty in concentration.
- Depression and anxiety– Mood disorders
- Sleep disturbances – Insomnia, restless legs syndrome, excessive daytime sleepiness
- Digestive problems – Difficulty in swallowing and constipation.
- Loss of smell – A less discussed, yet prevalent, early symptom of Parkinson's disease.
Caring
for a Person with Parkinson's Disease
Caring for a loved one with Parkinson's disease demands
patience, empathy, and an active attitude. Here are some practical tips on how
to offer support:
1. Support Regular Exercise
Exercise is the most effective method of slowing down the
progress of Parkinson's disease. Walking, swimming, and martial arts such as
tai chi improve mobility, balance, and flexibility. Physical therapy can also
be helpful in allowing movement and decreasing stiffness.
2. Offer a Balanced Diet
A healthy diet may assist in controlling symptoms and
enhancing well-being. Foods high in antioxidants (e.g., berries, greens, and
nuts) may protect the brain. Eating foods high in fiber and drinking plenty of
water can aid digestive problems such as constipation.
3. Promote Adherence to Medication
Parkinson's medication, such as levodopa, replenishes the
levels of dopamine in the body and controls the symptoms. Make sure your loved
one is reminded to take medication at the proper time because omitting a single
dose can easily affect their mobility and overall condition.
4. Ensure the Home is Safe and Accessible
Individuals suffering from Parkinson's disease are more
susceptible to falls.Make your home a safe environment for such people.
- Remove any loose rugs that may they are likely to trip over.
- Fix grab bars in the bathroom.
- Provide good lighting in the entire house.
- Use non-slip shoes and mats.
5. Provide Emotional Support
Managing Parkinson's disease is an emotional rollercoaster
for the caregiver as well as the patient. Maintain open communication, hear
them out, and make them understand they are not isolated. Support groups,
counselling, and meditation can aid in dealing with stress and depression.
6. Assist in Daily Activities
As Parkinson's disease advances, everyday activities like
dressing, eating, and bathing can be challenging. Assisting while promoting
independence can preserve their dignity. Adaptive equipment, such as utensils
with larger grips or clothing without buttons, can simplify daily tasks.
7. Watch for Cognitive Changes
Some people with Parkinson's disease may have cognitive
decline as they age. Monitor any changes in memory, thinking, or behavior and
talk to a healthcare provider when in doubt. Cognitive therapy and mental
exercises, including puzzles and reading, will maintain brain function.
8. Promote Social Interaction
Loneliness and isolation can exacerbate the symptoms.
Encourage them to engage in social activities, hobbies, or community
participation. Talking and maintaining relationships with friends and family
can enhance their emotional well-being.
Caring
for Yourself as a Caregiver
- Caring for someone with Parkinson’s can be physically and emotionally exhausting. It’s important to take care of yourself as well.
- Take breaks when needed and ask for help from other family members or professional caregivers.
- Join a caregiver support group to connect with others in similar situations.
- Prioritize self-care, including exercise, healthy eating, and relaxation.
- Most importantly, take care of your mental health. Ask for help if needed. Don’t let your energy be drained completely; take breaks.
Parkinson's disease is a difficult condition for the patient
as well as the caregiver. Take care of both. With proper care and support,
people can lead meaningful and productive lives. As a caregiver, your
contribution is priceless in making those with Parkinson’s disease feel
comfortable, safe, and emotionally sound.
By being well-informed, promoting independence, and creating
a positive atmosphere, you can make a big difference in the life of a person
with Parkinson's disease.
If you or a loved one is touched by Parkinson's disease, seek the
advice of healthcare providers and support groups to sail through the journey
together.
